Recent decades have seen a fertile period of theorizing within mainstream epistemology which has had a dramatic impact on how epistemology is done. New insights from philosophy of language, social epistemology, decision theory, and formal epistemology have contributed to how we understand our epistemological place in the world. Religion is the place where such rethinking can potentially have its deepest impact and importance. Yet there has been surprisingly little infiltration of these new ideas into philosophy of religion and the epistemology of religious belief. This Introduction provides a brief overview of these developments, and offers a summary of the contributions to this volume.