Frozen oceans in polar regions
Frozen oceans in polar regions
Sea ice interposes a solid interface between two fluid phases, the biologically productive sea water and air. It modifies environmental conditions in the sea below and also provides a platform on which air-breathing birds and mammals can live, breed, and base foraging forays into the water. It also forms a temporary habitat in which a diverse biology is able to thrive. This chapter discusses the physical characteristics of sea ice, the biology of sea ice, the ice edge or marginal ice zone, polynyas, and the wider significance of sea ice biology.
Keywords: sea ice, biology, ice edge, marginal ice zone, polynyas
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