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Predestination$
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Matthew Levering

Print publication date: 2011

Print ISBN-13: 9780199604524

Published to Oxford Scholarship Online: September 2011

DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199604524.001.0001

The Twentieth Century: God's Absolute Innocence

Chapter:
(p. 135 ) 5 The Twentieth Century: God's Absolute Innocence
Source:
Predestination
Author(s):

Matthew Levering

Publisher:
Oxford University Press
DOI:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199604524.003.0006

The fifth chapter argues that twentieth-century efforts to distance Christianity from earlier predestinarian doctrine run into biblical and conceptual difficulties. Bulgakov rejects predestination and instead develops a sophiological theology of the necessary salvation of every rational creature. Denying that Satan (or any demon) is a personal being, Barth proposes that every human being is predestined or elected in Christ Jesus. Maritain holds that created freedom can overturn God's “antecedent” will by a non-active “nihilation” of the rule of reason; God's “consequent” will for predestination follows upon human freedom. Balthasar considers the doctrine of predestination a false path, and he instead develops a Trinitarian dramatics to deal with the issues previously understood in terms of predestination.

Keywords:   Sophiological, Trinitarian dramatics, Satan, salvation, antecedent will, nihilation, predestination, Christ Jesus, Barth, Balthasar

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