Effective Quantum Electrodynamics In 3He-A
As distinct from Bose superfluids where only the effective gravity arises, in the fermionic vacuum there appear in addition all the ingredients of the Standard Model — chiral fermions and effective gauge fields. In 3He-A the spin of the fermionic quasiparticle originates from the Bogoliubov–Nambu spin, while the nuclear spin of the bare 3He atoms plays the role of SU(2) isospin in emerging relativistic quantum field theory. This chapter discusses effective quantum electrodynamics (QED) in 3He-A, effective electric charge, topological invariant as a generalisation of fermionic chirality, effective metric viewed by quasiparticles, gauge invariance and general covariance in a fermionic sector, light and gauge bosons as collective modes of quantum vacuum, the zero-charge effect (logarithmic screening of electric charge provided by vacuum polarization), the role of discrete symmetries in the formation of effective Yang–Mills gauge fields, the mass of W-bosons, flat directions, and the dynamic restoration of Lorentz symmetry.
Keywords: quantum electrodynamics, liquid helium, superfluidity, isospin, quasiparticles, chirality, electric charge, fermions, zero-charge effect, gauge fields
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