An Introduction to Agricultural Exceptionalism in EU Farm Policy and the GATT
This chapter establishes the important role the agricultural negotiations played in the Uruguay and Doha Rounds. It defines the key concepts of agricultural exceptionalism and agricultural normalism, which are competing assumptions on the nature of agricultural production and markets. Agricultural exceptionalism—a term current in the political science literature—holds that the farming industry is different from most economic sectors in modern societies, contributing to broader national interests and goals, and warranting extensive state intervention. This view was the ideational underpinning of national agricultural policies in the post-war period, and it remained embedded in GATT farm trade rules from 1947 to 1994. In addition, the chapter sets out the research questions addressed by the book; and explains the EU's farm policy-making procedures.
Keywords: agricultural exceptionalism, agricultural normalism, farm trade, agricultural policy, EU policy-making
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