Participant agreement in Panoan
The Amazon region's Panoan languages show a very extensive system of participant agreement in that participant orientation is overtly marked on both clausal and phrasal adjuncts, and generally S, A, and O controllers are all formally differentiated. The participant orientation system is explored in the Panoan language Shipibo-Konibo. Here, participant orientation marking occurs on expressions of manner, quantity, location, and life stage, among others, as well as on emphatic pronouns and same-subject clauses. This chapter also discusses the semantic distinctions expressed by different types of agreement marking, and accounts for variations in marking patterns on adjuncts of various types by creating a semantic hierarchy.
Keywords: Panoan, Shipibo-Konibo, emphatic pronouns, same-subject clauses, agreement marking, participant agreement, controllers, participant orientation, semantics
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