Hetmans and Metropolitans
As Bohdan Khmelnytsky took it upon himself to establish the parameters of Orthodox-Uniate relations in negotiations with the Commonwealth, there was no avoiding a direct clash between the interests of hetmans and metropolitans. The encounter between the Cossacks and the Kyivan hierarchy during the years of Khmelnytsky's rule was also a meeting of two forces representing distinct cultural and political traditions. This chapter examines three facets of mid-17th-century relations between Cossackdom on the one hand and ecclesiastical authority and tradition on the other. The role of Metropolitan Petro Mohyla in transforming the metropolitanate into a center of spiritual authority independent of the Cossacks is discussed, along with the clash of interests between hetman and metropolitan in the Khmelnytsky era, from which the hetman emerged triumphant. This chapter also looks at the rivalry between the old princely and metropolitan capital of Kyiv and the new Cossack headquarters at Chyhyryn, which competed for primacy in Cossack Ukraine.
Keywords: hetmans, metropolitan, Cossacks, Bohdan Khmelnytsky, Petro Mohyla, ecclesiastical authority, Kyiv, Chyhyryn
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