Electrical stimulation of deep brain structures and speech
This chapter describes the effects of deep brain stimulation on speech in Parkinson's disease (PD). The process involves the implantation of two electrodes either in the ventro-intermediate nucleus (Vim) of the thalamus, or the globus pallidus internum (Gpi) or the subthalamic nucleus (STN), depending on the symptomatology. Speech outcome is variable following DBS in the STN with improvement noted in some acoustic measures and oro-motor non-speech tasks, but deterioration of speech intelligibility in the majority of patients. Factors affecting speech response following STN-DBS are partly surgical, i.e., current spread and contact location. There is the need for further research into ways speech is affected by deep brain stimulation in order to maximize the benefits of the treatment.
Keywords: deep brain stimulation, neurodegenerative diseases, globus pallidus internum, subthalamic nucleus
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