TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF CHARGE CARRIERS AT LOW TEMPERATURE
This chapter describes the main experimental techniques used to measure the drift velocity in superfluid 4He at low temperature. The experimental results are then presented by showing the contributions to the ion drag due to the different elementary excitations of the superfluid. The theoretical description of the processes of ion scattering off phonons, rotons, and 3He atomic impurities is also presented, and the theoretical predictions are compared with experimental results. The use of the formalism of the Boltzmann transport equation to predict how the drag force on an ion in the superfluid is determined by the different scattering mechanisms is discussed.
Keywords: drift mobility, drift velocity spectrometers, time-of-flight spectrometers, phonon scattering, roton scattering, 3He impurity scattering, 3He-4He mixtures, Boltzmann transport equation, van Hove scattering functions
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