The evolution of endemism: from population differentiation to species divergence
This chapter examines the evolutionary processes acting on population variation and species divergence in relation to regional history, in order to illustrate the diverse mechanisms which have shaped narrow endemic distribution patterns in the Mediterranean flora. It examines whether endemic species show reduced genetic variation within populations, and how they differ from widespread congeners in the spatial structure of genetic diversity across the landscape and among disjunct regions where they occur. The chapter examines evolutionary processes in relation to different spatial scales of differentiation and divergence, and examines genetic differences among closely related species with disjunct distribution patterns.
Keywords: speciation, hybridization, polyploidy, peripheral populations, marginal populations
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