The physiological response to surgical trauma
This chapter discusses the physiological response to surgical trauma. It introduces the concept of metabolic response, which is a series of metabolic changes occurring locally and systemically after a surgical trauma. The first sections concentrate on the stimuli that can initiate or mediate a metabolic response to surgery. These are followed by a discussion on the different characteristics of metabolic response, including gastrointestinal effects, protein metabolism, and the changes in blood coagulation. The six perioperative factors that modify metabolic response to surgery and the modulation of metabolic response are examined as well. The chapter also includes a section on how to properly plan for the surgery and how to gain the patient's understanding and consent for this medical procedure.
Keywords: physiological response, surgical trauma, metabolic response, metabolic changes, stimuli, perioperative factors
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