Search for superfluidity in mixtures
Bardeen, Cooper, Schrieffer (BCS) showed that a Fermi fluid with an attractive interaction between its quasiparticles would, at sufficiently low temperature Tc, form an s-state superfluid of Cooper pairs having equal and opposite spin and momentum. The BCS theory was successful in explaining the occurrence of superconductors such as aluminium, lead, and tin. This theory for the fermions in a metal applied equally to the fermions (3He quasiparticles) in dilute solutions of 3He in superfluid 4He. The holy grail of the study of 3He in 4He is the discovery of a pairing transition between the 3He quasiparticles. This chapter outlines some of the calculations made on the elusive Tc for dilute 3He in 4He, followed by a summary of experimental attempts to find Tc.
Keywords: helium 3, helium 4, quasiparticles, pairing transition
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