Genuine, Suppressed, and Faked Facial Behavior During Exacerbation of Chronic Low Back Pain
The chapter reports a study that provided an opportunity to examine the impact of voluntary control over facial activity on the response to painful events. It specifically examines the relationship between the spontaneous facial reaction of patients during a painful physical manipulation, administered in the course of a standard physiotherapy examination, with the reaction of the same people when they were requested to (1) mask the facial expression during the same painful movement and (2) pose an expression of painful distress. The study clearly indicated that facial activity reflected lower back pain exacerbated by physical manipulations of the leg. Self-report of pain on several scales confirmed that the physical manipulations could be described legitimately as painful. Some features of studies subsequent to the reprinted paper are also described, namely voluntary control of pain expression.
Keywords: facial behavior, chronic low back pain, exacerbation, leg, pain, voluntary control
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