Cortical Neurophysiology in the 1950s
Neurophysiology has changed radically since the late 1950s. In the cerebral cortex, early work was mainly concerned with localization of function, essentially a type of neuroanatomy that used clinical neurology and electrical stimulation and electrical recording. By the late 1950s, the topographic maps of the primary and secondary visual, auditory, and somatosensory receiving areas had been delineated electrically, in humans, cats, and monkeys. In vision, the most important topographic mapping had been done back in 1941 by Wade Marshall and Samuel Talbot, at Johns Hopkins. In the mid-1950s, the first single-cell studies of the visual cortex came from a group led by Richard Jung and his collaborator Günter Baumgartner in Freiburg. In the 1950s, most of the single-cell recordings from the sensory cortex were concerned with topography.
Keywords: neurophysiology, neuroanatomy, sensory cortex, Talbot, Marshall, topographic mapping, visual cortex
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