Cytokine Production
This chapter discusses recent research on cytokines that are produced by and/or act on glial cells, focusing on those involved in the regulation of inflammatory, immune, and tissue repair processes. It shows that the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and responses to pathological stimuli in the nervous system are governed by the integrated action of multiple cytokines, most of which appear to be produced by glial cells. Although each glial cell type has the potential to express various cytokines, it is the kind of stimulus that dictates the temporal and cellular cascade of cytokine expression that is initiated under a given condition. Recent studies in transgenic and knockout mice have show that several glia-derived cytokines, such as IL-1, TNF and IL-6, may subserve both neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective functions.
Keywords: cytokines, glial cells, inflammatory process, immune process, tissue repair process
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