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Attention and Memory$
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Nelson Cowan

Print publication date: 1998

Print ISBN-13: 9780195119107

Published to Oxford Scholarship Online: January 2008

DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195119107.001.0001

The attentional focus and conscious awareness

Chapter:
(p. 200 ) 7. The attentional focus and conscious awareness
Source:
Attention and Memory
Author(s):

Nelson Cowan

Publisher:
Oxford University Press
DOI:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195119107.003.0007

This is a broad-ranging chapter seeking evidence relating the focus of attention to conscious awareness. The concept of a unitary focus of attention includes the notion that there is a limited attentional resource, that awareness depends on it, and that attention can be directed outwardly (toward stimuli) or inwardly (toward thoughts). Several challenges to this view are discussed and countered. There are challenges from cognitive science, in the multiple-resources view; from psychology at large, from research on dissociated states; and from the philosophy of mind, in the notion of multiple perceptual drafts instead of a unitary conscious view. These views are countered with evidence that, although people often have multiple perceptual products, express self-contradictory thoughts, and perform conflicting actions, some of these processes take place outside of attention and awareness. They cannot all be controlled as well as the subset of processes taking place in the focus of attention.

Keywords:   attentional resource, dissociated states, focus of attention, multiple-resources view, perceptual drafts, unitary focus

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