Structural and Functional Properties of Hippocampal Neurons
This chapter summarizes the wealth of structural, histological, and physiological information available for hippocampal neurons. Most of the data on this topic come from studies of the rat hippocampal formation. The chapter begins with the CA1 pyramidal neuron since it is the most studied class of neuron in the brain and probably better understood from both structural and functional points of view than any other type of neuron in the hippocampus. It then compares the function of the other pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus: those in CA3 and the subiculum. It covers two nonpyramidal excitatory neurons in the hippocampus: granule cells of the dentate gyrus and mossy cells of the hilus. It also describes the properties of a variety of neurons in other regions comprising the hippocampal formation: the entorhinal cortex, presubiculum, and parasubiculum. Finally, the many types of interneurons found in the hippocampus are considered.
Keywords: hippocampus, neurons, pyramidal neurons, nonpyramidal excitatory neurons, granule cells, dentate gyrus mossy cells, hilus, hippocampal formation
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