Neuroeffector transmission in arteries, arterioles, and veins
The importance of the membrane potential-dependent and membrane potential-independent mechanisms varies from vascular bed to vascular bed and from species to species. As a generalization, in blood vessels which are normally subjected to low perfusion pressures, i.e. pulmonary arteries and veins the responses to sympathetic nerve stimulation are entirely dependent upon the activation of α-adrenoceptors. In larger systemic vessels, the responses result from the concurrent activation of purinoceptors and α-adrenoceptors but the proportions vary from vessel to vessel. This chapter deals with the structure of sympathetic neuroeffector junctions, the pathways activated by the transmitters released at these junctions, and finally with our understanding of how transmitter is released at individual junctions.
Keywords: neuroeffector junctions, vascular bed, low perfusion pressures, transmitter release
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