The Ethics of Trials
This chapter discusses the ethics of clinical trials. The modern-day code for research on human beings, the Nüremberg Code, grew out of the Nüremberg War Crime trials; it was set forth in 1947. It consists of 495 words and ten items. Subsequent codes, most prominently those produced by the World Medical Association (WMA), have grown in length, but the essence remains the same. The Belmont Report—the product of the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research—sets forth basic principles that are to apply when approaching persons for study: these are the principles of beneficence, justice, and respect for persons.
Keywords: clinical trial, medical ethics, Nüremberg Code, Belmont Report, beneficence, justice, respect
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