Abstract: In his response to our second lead question, Does Multiculturalism Threaten citizenship?, Jeff Spinner-Halev distinguishes between various kinds of multiculturalism in practice. ‘Thick’ multiculturalism (also dubbed ‘cultural pluralism’), which seeks state funds for group separation, is a threat to citizenship. ‘Inclusive’ multiculturalism, according to Spinner-Halev, the mainline brand, enhances citizenship – an example being the turban-wearing Sikh in the Canadian Royal Mountain Police. Discussing the case of Hutterites, Spinner-Halev introduces a third kind of multiculturalism for insular communities that stay away from the society's common life and invoke what he calls ‘partial citizenship’. This is a variant of ‘thick’ multiculturalism, without, however, asking for state funds. If the exit for apostates is guaranteed, partial citizenship poses no threat to citizenship, and is to be tolerated. Spinner-Halev's approach is pragmatic, not principled: if the context allows (say in ethnically homogenous Sweden), even thick multiculturalism may be exceptionally tolerated.

Keywords: partial citizenship, citizenship, cultural pluralism, multiculturalism, religion, right to exit,