Abstract: The aim of this book is to vindicate left-libertarianism, a political philosophy which combines stringent rights of control over one's own mind, body, and life with egalitarian rights of ownership of the world. The book shows how John Locke's Second Treatise of Government provides the theoretical foundations for a left-libertarianism that is both more libertarian and more egalitarian than the Kantian liberal theories of John Rawls and Thomas Nagel. The author's libertarianism is founded on a right of self-ownership. Unlike ‘right-wing’ libertarians such as Robert Nozick who also endorse such a right, the author argues that self-ownership is compatible with a fully egalitarian principle of equal opportunity for welfare. In embracing this principle, his version of left-libertarianism is more strongly egalitarian than others which are well known. The author argues that an account of legitimate political authority based upon the free consent of each is strengthened by the adoption of such an egalitarian principle. He defends a pluralistic, decentralized ideal of political society as a confederation of voluntary associations.

Keywords: consent, egalitarianism, equality of opportunity for welfare, left-libertarianism, legitimate political authority, John Locke, Robert Nozick, John Rawls, self-ownership, voluntary association