In Carnap and Logical Truth, Quine argued that it was always either trivial or absurd to say that a sentence was true in virtue of meaning, and his argument has been revived in recent times by Boghossian. This chapter responds to these arguments by proposing a particular disambiguation of the ‘in virtue of’ expression. It is also argued that it would be a mistake to equate analytic sentences with those that express necessary truths.
Keywords: Quine, two-factor argument, Boghossian, in virtue of, determination, necessity, substantive necessity, contingent analytic