Frege saw existence as a second-level concept and ascribed it to first-level concepts, rather than to individual objects. Frege's solution encounters difficulties with the statements involving either empty proper names or modal locutions. A modification of Frege's account is possible if Quine's proposal for transforming statements containing proper names into statements with quantifiers and predicates. It is further argued that Kripke's account of negative existentials is untenable, whilst Evans's insistence that all information-linked terms can be understood just in case they have reference is misguided.
Keywords: existence, Gareth Evans, FregeKripke, make-believe, proper names, reference