This chapter offers a variety of explanations for some of the facts discovered in Chapter 1. Of particular interest is the male-female differences in the amount of total work — market work plus household production. A theory of the mechanisms by which social norms can affect sex roles in market and non-market productive activities is developed. The chapter then proceeds to consider the welfare implications of coordinating non-market activities within a local or national economy and develops a model that helps to explain some of the findings in Chapter 1 on the timing of market work. Keywords:total work,
market work,
household production,
welfare,
US,
Europe,
non-market work