Abstract: One of the aspects of inequality assessment that has received less attention than it deserves relates to the distinction between achievement and the freedom to achieve. The nature, reach, and relevance of that distinction between achievement and freedom are briefly discussed here, making use of conceptual grounds for discrimination as well as analytical procedures used in modem economics. The different sections of the chapter are freedom and choice; real income, opportunities, and selection; and freedom distinguished from resources.

Keywords: achievement, assessment, choice, discrimination, equality, freedom, income, inequality, resources,