Abstract: Some of the general points that have emerged from the analysis of inequality presented in the rest of the book are reviewed and assessed. Particular concern is given to the interrelations between the methodological and substantive issues. The different sections of the chapter are questions of equality; equality, space, and [human] diversity; plurality, incompleteness, and evaluation; data, observations, and effective freedoms; aggregation, egalitarianism, and efficiency; alternative defences of inequality; incentives, diversity, and egalitarianism; on equality as a social concern; responsibility and fairness; and capability, freedom, and motivations.

Keywords: capability, egalitarianism, equality, fairness, freedom, human diversity, inequality, plurality, space,