Arnim Langer and Graham K. Brown (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198757276
- eISBN:
- 9780191817212
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198757276.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental, Public and Welfare
Despite growing consensus on the ‘right’ policies for reconstruction and peacebuilding in post-conflict societies, there is still little knowledge how the implementation of such policies impacts the ...
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Despite growing consensus on the ‘right’ policies for reconstruction and peacebuilding in post-conflict societies, there is still little knowledge how the implementation of such policies impacts the durability of peace. This book aims to address this void by analysing the timing and sequencing of post-conflict reconstruction and peacebuilding processes. It brings together insights from thematic analyses and country experiences, presented by experts from a range of disciplinary backgrounds. The thematic chapters deal with, among others, issues of poverty reduction and social development; economic reforms and reconstruction; democratization; DDR and reconciliation. The case-study chapters cover ongoing and terminated conflicts in Africa, Latin America, Europe, and Asia. The central questions the book poses are: when different peacebuilding reforms, interventions, and measures can best be implemented to increase the chances that a peace process will be successful and durable; how these different peacebuilding reforms, interventions, and measures interact and relate to one and other; whether there is a particular sequence in which certain measures and policies can best be implemented to increase the chances that a peace process will be successful; and what type of peacebuilding projects and programmes are best initiated by different international actors and at what time. The book concludes that while there clearly is no magic sequence of peacebuilding, there are some priorities that clearly merit prioritization and do not conflict significantly with other priorities. It is argued that these ‘people-centred priorities’ can be used to guide the timing and sequencing of peacebuilding interventions in specific cases and contexts.Less
Despite growing consensus on the ‘right’ policies for reconstruction and peacebuilding in post-conflict societies, there is still little knowledge how the implementation of such policies impacts the durability of peace. This book aims to address this void by analysing the timing and sequencing of post-conflict reconstruction and peacebuilding processes. It brings together insights from thematic analyses and country experiences, presented by experts from a range of disciplinary backgrounds. The thematic chapters deal with, among others, issues of poverty reduction and social development; economic reforms and reconstruction; democratization; DDR and reconciliation. The case-study chapters cover ongoing and terminated conflicts in Africa, Latin America, Europe, and Asia. The central questions the book poses are: when different peacebuilding reforms, interventions, and measures can best be implemented to increase the chances that a peace process will be successful and durable; how these different peacebuilding reforms, interventions, and measures interact and relate to one and other; whether there is a particular sequence in which certain measures and policies can best be implemented to increase the chances that a peace process will be successful; and what type of peacebuilding projects and programmes are best initiated by different international actors and at what time. The book concludes that while there clearly is no magic sequence of peacebuilding, there are some priorities that clearly merit prioritization and do not conflict significantly with other priorities. It is argued that these ‘people-centred priorities’ can be used to guide the timing and sequencing of peacebuilding interventions in specific cases and contexts.
Ravi Kanbur and Henry Shue (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- November 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198813248
- eISBN:
- 9780191851230
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198813248.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Public and Welfare, Development, Growth, and Environmental
Climate justice requires sharing the burdens and benefits of climate change and its resolution equitably and fairly. It brings together justice between generations and justice within generations. The ...
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Climate justice requires sharing the burdens and benefits of climate change and its resolution equitably and fairly. It brings together justice between generations and justice within generations. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals summit in September 2015, and the Conference of Parties to the Framework Convention on Climate Change in Paris in December 2015, brought climate justice center stage in global discussions. In the run up to Paris, Mary Robinson, former president of Ireland and the UN Secretary General’s Special Envoy for Climate Change, instituted the Climate Justice Dialogue. The editors of this volume, an economist and a philosopher, served on the High Level Advisory Committee of the Climate Justice Dialogue. They noted the overlap and mutual enforcement between the economic and philosophical discourses on climate justice. But they also noted the great need for these strands to come together to support the public and policy discourse. This volume is the result.Less
Climate justice requires sharing the burdens and benefits of climate change and its resolution equitably and fairly. It brings together justice between generations and justice within generations. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals summit in September 2015, and the Conference of Parties to the Framework Convention on Climate Change in Paris in December 2015, brought climate justice center stage in global discussions. In the run up to Paris, Mary Robinson, former president of Ireland and the UN Secretary General’s Special Envoy for Climate Change, instituted the Climate Justice Dialogue. The editors of this volume, an economist and a philosopher, served on the High Level Advisory Committee of the Climate Justice Dialogue. They noted the overlap and mutual enforcement between the economic and philosophical discourses on climate justice. But they also noted the great need for these strands to come together to support the public and policy discourse. This volume is the result.
Khadija Haq (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780199474684
- eISBN:
- 9780199089833
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199474684.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Public and Welfare, Development, Growth, and Environmental
The book traces the evolution of Mahbub ul Haq’s thinking on development, and highlights its impact on global, regional and national policy debates, and relevance to today’s headline events. It ...
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The book traces the evolution of Mahbub ul Haq’s thinking on development, and highlights its impact on global, regional and national policy debates, and relevance to today’s headline events. It situates the origins and significance (both in affecting academic and policy debates) of Haq’s development philosophy focusing on social justice. The introduction to the volume explains Haq’s reasons for moving away from growth-only philosophy to growth with distribution. The four parts of the book show Haq’s contributions to the larger development debate from the 1960s to the 1990s, including on issues ranging from global governance, sustainable development, trade and debt, to food security, gender equality, and nuclear disarmament. Each part is introduced to place Haq’s work in the context of that period, explain its significance in shaping development theory, policy, and practice, and highlight its ongoing influence and relevance to today’s issues and debates. The book analyses Mahbub ul Haq learning lessons from his close encounter with the political reality of the day that made him evaluate some of his own assumptions and to refine his tools to achieve his ultimate goal—to make people the centre of all development policies, programmes and actions.Less
The book traces the evolution of Mahbub ul Haq’s thinking on development, and highlights its impact on global, regional and national policy debates, and relevance to today’s headline events. It situates the origins and significance (both in affecting academic and policy debates) of Haq’s development philosophy focusing on social justice. The introduction to the volume explains Haq’s reasons for moving away from growth-only philosophy to growth with distribution. The four parts of the book show Haq’s contributions to the larger development debate from the 1960s to the 1990s, including on issues ranging from global governance, sustainable development, trade and debt, to food security, gender equality, and nuclear disarmament. Each part is introduced to place Haq’s work in the context of that period, explain its significance in shaping development theory, policy, and practice, and highlight its ongoing influence and relevance to today’s issues and debates. The book analyses Mahbub ul Haq learning lessons from his close encounter with the political reality of the day that made him evaluate some of his own assumptions and to refine his tools to achieve his ultimate goal—to make people the centre of all development policies, programmes and actions.
Ragui Assaad and Caroline Krafft (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- June 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780198737254
- eISBN:
- 9780191800733
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198737254.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Public and Welfare, Development, Growth, and Environmental
The book is about labor market conditions in Egypt in the aftermath of the Arab uprisings. The text analyzes the results of the latest round of the Egypt Labor Market Panel Survey carried out in ...
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The book is about labor market conditions in Egypt in the aftermath of the Arab uprisings. The text analyzes the results of the latest round of the Egypt Labor Market Panel Survey carried out in early 2012. The chapters of the book cover topics that are essential to understanding the conditions leading to the Egyptian revolution of January 25th 2011, including the persistence of high youth unemployment, labor market segmentation and rigidity, growing informality, and the declining role of the state as an employer. The book contains the first research on the impact of the revolution and the ensuing economic crisis on the labor market, including issues such as earnings adjustments, increased insecurity of employment, declining female labor force participation, and the stagnation of micro and small enterprise growth. Comparisons are made to pre-revolution labor market conditions using previous rounds of the survey fielded in 1988, 1998, and 2006. The chapters in the book make use of this unique longitudinal data to provide a fresh analysis of the Egyptian labor market after the Arab Spring, an analysis that was simply not feasible with previously existing data.Less
The book is about labor market conditions in Egypt in the aftermath of the Arab uprisings. The text analyzes the results of the latest round of the Egypt Labor Market Panel Survey carried out in early 2012. The chapters of the book cover topics that are essential to understanding the conditions leading to the Egyptian revolution of January 25th 2011, including the persistence of high youth unemployment, labor market segmentation and rigidity, growing informality, and the declining role of the state as an employer. The book contains the first research on the impact of the revolution and the ensuing economic crisis on the labor market, including issues such as earnings adjustments, increased insecurity of employment, declining female labor force participation, and the stagnation of micro and small enterprise growth. Comparisons are made to pre-revolution labor market conditions using previous rounds of the survey fielded in 1988, 1998, and 2006. The chapters in the book make use of this unique longitudinal data to provide a fresh analysis of the Egyptian labor market after the Arab Spring, an analysis that was simply not feasible with previously existing data.
David E. Sahn (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780198733201
- eISBN:
- 9780191797767
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198733201.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental, Public and Welfare
Advances in science and policy during the past 50 years have prevented widespread food shortages as the world’s population soared. Malnutrition, however, remains prevalent. This book details ...
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Advances in science and policy during the past 50 years have prevented widespread food shortages as the world’s population soared. Malnutrition, however, remains prevalent. This book details strategies and practical approaches to address scientific and policy challenges designed to alleviate hunger and malnutrition in a period where technological change, markets, patterns of governance, and social programs have an increasingly global dimension, including: agricultural research and development and the related process of structural transformation; a food system, in an era of globalization, which is increasing under the influence of multinational corporations; misgivings and misperceptions about genetically modified foods; increasing competition of food and energy sectors for agricultural output; worries about climate change and sustainability; and the importance of hidden hunger in the form of micronutrient deficiencies and chronic disease related to obesity, which often coexists in the same communities as malnutrition and poverty. There is also now more emphasis on evidence-based policymaking, which has raised the standard of proof for evaluating impacts of micro-level interventions, traditionally so widely embraced but now under increased scrutiny. It is in this context that this book provides practical advice on programs that can effectively target those at greatest risk of malnutrition. Overlaying all of these challenges is the book’s emphasis on identifying data and information needs for decision-making and formulating food and nutrition policy, as well as practical considerations for better understanding the domestic and international political and social constraints that need to be addressed when trying to translate scientific knowledge and information into practice.Less
Advances in science and policy during the past 50 years have prevented widespread food shortages as the world’s population soared. Malnutrition, however, remains prevalent. This book details strategies and practical approaches to address scientific and policy challenges designed to alleviate hunger and malnutrition in a period where technological change, markets, patterns of governance, and social programs have an increasingly global dimension, including: agricultural research and development and the related process of structural transformation; a food system, in an era of globalization, which is increasing under the influence of multinational corporations; misgivings and misperceptions about genetically modified foods; increasing competition of food and energy sectors for agricultural output; worries about climate change and sustainability; and the importance of hidden hunger in the form of micronutrient deficiencies and chronic disease related to obesity, which often coexists in the same communities as malnutrition and poverty. There is also now more emphasis on evidence-based policymaking, which has raised the standard of proof for evaluating impacts of micro-level interventions, traditionally so widely embraced but now under increased scrutiny. It is in this context that this book provides practical advice on programs that can effectively target those at greatest risk of malnutrition. Overlaying all of these challenges is the book’s emphasis on identifying data and information needs for decision-making and formulating food and nutrition policy, as well as practical considerations for better understanding the domestic and international political and social constraints that need to be addressed when trying to translate scientific knowledge and information into practice.
Yana van der Meulen Rodgers
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- November 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780190876128
- eISBN:
- 9780190876159
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190876128.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental, Public and Welfare
In recent decades, the long arm of US politics has reached the intimate lives of women all over the world. Since 1984, healthcare organizations in developing countries have faced major cuts in US ...
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In recent decades, the long arm of US politics has reached the intimate lives of women all over the world. Since 1984, healthcare organizations in developing countries have faced major cuts in US foreign aid if they perform or promote abortions as a method of family planning. The policy—commonly known as the global gag rule—is a hallmark of Republican administrations. The reinstatement and expansion of the global gag rule by Donald Trump in January 2017 caused a firestorm of debate. Proponents emphasize the importance of reducing abortions globally, while critics predict large increases in unsafe abortions and maternal mortality resulting from disruptions to family-planning services. How plausible are the various claims and projections? This question is surprisingly difficult to answer because there is little statistical evidence on the global gag rule. This book helps to fill the gap by conducting a systematic analysis of how the global gag rule affects women’s reproductive health across developing regions. The analysis yields three important messages: (1) in the majority of countries that receive US family-planning assistance, the global gag rule has failed to achieve its objective of reducing abortions; (2) there is no definitive relationship between restrictive national abortion laws and abortion rates; and (3) the 2017 expansion of the global gag rule will have adverse effects on a dashboard of health indicators for women, men, and children. These powerful messages should be heard by policymakers over the voices calling for an ideologically based policy that has counterproductive results.Less
In recent decades, the long arm of US politics has reached the intimate lives of women all over the world. Since 1984, healthcare organizations in developing countries have faced major cuts in US foreign aid if they perform or promote abortions as a method of family planning. The policy—commonly known as the global gag rule—is a hallmark of Republican administrations. The reinstatement and expansion of the global gag rule by Donald Trump in January 2017 caused a firestorm of debate. Proponents emphasize the importance of reducing abortions globally, while critics predict large increases in unsafe abortions and maternal mortality resulting from disruptions to family-planning services. How plausible are the various claims and projections? This question is surprisingly difficult to answer because there is little statistical evidence on the global gag rule. This book helps to fill the gap by conducting a systematic analysis of how the global gag rule affects women’s reproductive health across developing regions. The analysis yields three important messages: (1) in the majority of countries that receive US family-planning assistance, the global gag rule has failed to achieve its objective of reducing abortions; (2) there is no definitive relationship between restrictive national abortion laws and abortion rates; and (3) the 2017 expansion of the global gag rule will have adverse effects on a dashboard of health indicators for women, men, and children. These powerful messages should be heard by policymakers over the voices calling for an ideologically based policy that has counterproductive results.
Duncan Green
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- October 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198785392
- eISBN:
- 9780191833236
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198785392.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental, Public and Welfare
Human society is full of would-be ‘change agents’, a restless mix of campaigners, lobbyists, and officials, both individuals and organizations, set on transforming the world. They want to improve ...
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Human society is full of would-be ‘change agents’, a restless mix of campaigners, lobbyists, and officials, both individuals and organizations, set on transforming the world. They want to improve public services, reform laws and regulations, guarantee human rights, get a fairer deal for those on the sharp end, achieve greater recognition for any number of issues, or simply be treated with respect. Striking then, that not many universities have a Department of Change Studies, to which social activists can turn for advice and inspiration. Instead, scholarly discussions of change are fragmented with few conversations crossing disciplinary boundaries, rarely making it onto the radars of those actively seeking change. This book aims to bridge the gap between academia and practice, bringing together the best research from a range of academic disciplines and the evolving practical understanding of activists to explore the topic of social and political change. Drawing on many first-hand examples from the global experience of Oxfam, one of the world’s largest social justice NGOs, as well as insights gleaned from studying and working on international development, it tests ideas and offers the latest thinking on what works to achieve progressive change.Less
Human society is full of would-be ‘change agents’, a restless mix of campaigners, lobbyists, and officials, both individuals and organizations, set on transforming the world. They want to improve public services, reform laws and regulations, guarantee human rights, get a fairer deal for those on the sharp end, achieve greater recognition for any number of issues, or simply be treated with respect. Striking then, that not many universities have a Department of Change Studies, to which social activists can turn for advice and inspiration. Instead, scholarly discussions of change are fragmented with few conversations crossing disciplinary boundaries, rarely making it onto the radars of those actively seeking change. This book aims to bridge the gap between academia and practice, bringing together the best research from a range of academic disciplines and the evolving practical understanding of activists to explore the topic of social and political change. Drawing on many first-hand examples from the global experience of Oxfam, one of the world’s largest social justice NGOs, as well as insights gleaned from studying and working on international development, it tests ideas and offers the latest thinking on what works to achieve progressive change.
Himanshu, Peter Lanjouw, and Nicholas Stern
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198806509
- eISBN:
- 9780191844102
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198806509.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental, Public and Welfare
Development economics is about understanding how and why lives and livelihoods change. This book is about economic development in the village of Palanpur, in Moradabad district, Uttar Pradesh, in ...
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Development economics is about understanding how and why lives and livelihoods change. This book is about economic development in the village of Palanpur, in Moradabad district, Uttar Pradesh, in north India. It draws on seven decades of detailed data collection by a team of dedicated development economists to describe the evolution of Palanpur’s economy, its society, and its politics. The emerging story of integration of the village economy with the outside world is placed against the backdrop of a rapidly transforming India and, in turn, helps to understand the transformation. The role of, and scope for, public policy in shaping the lives of individuals is examined. The book describes how changes in Palanpur’s economy since the late 1950s were initially driven by the advance of agriculture through land reforms, the expansion of irrigation, and the introduction of ‘green revolution’ technologies. Then, since the mid-1980s, newly emerging off-farm opportunities in nearby towns and outside agriculture became the key drivers of growth and change. These key forces of change have profoundly influenced poverty, income mobility, and inequality in Palanpur. Village institutions such as those governing access to land are shown to have evolved in subtle but clear ways over time, while individual entrepreneurship and initiative is found to play a critical role in driving and responding to the forces of change. And yet, against a backdrop of real economic growth and structural transformation, the book documents how human development outcomes have shown only weak progress and remain stubbornly resistant to change.Less
Development economics is about understanding how and why lives and livelihoods change. This book is about economic development in the village of Palanpur, in Moradabad district, Uttar Pradesh, in north India. It draws on seven decades of detailed data collection by a team of dedicated development economists to describe the evolution of Palanpur’s economy, its society, and its politics. The emerging story of integration of the village economy with the outside world is placed against the backdrop of a rapidly transforming India and, in turn, helps to understand the transformation. The role of, and scope for, public policy in shaping the lives of individuals is examined. The book describes how changes in Palanpur’s economy since the late 1950s were initially driven by the advance of agriculture through land reforms, the expansion of irrigation, and the introduction of ‘green revolution’ technologies. Then, since the mid-1980s, newly emerging off-farm opportunities in nearby towns and outside agriculture became the key drivers of growth and change. These key forces of change have profoundly influenced poverty, income mobility, and inequality in Palanpur. Village institutions such as those governing access to land are shown to have evolved in subtle but clear ways over time, while individual entrepreneurship and initiative is found to play a critical role in driving and responding to the forces of change. And yet, against a backdrop of real economic growth and structural transformation, the book documents how human development outcomes have shown only weak progress and remain stubbornly resistant to change.
Jean-Paul Faguet and Caroline Pöschl (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780198737506
- eISBN:
- 9780191800894
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198737506.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental, Public and Welfare
This book offers insights and lessons that help us understand when the answer is “Yes”, and when it is “No”. It shows us how decentralisation can be designed to drive development forward, and focuses ...
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This book offers insights and lessons that help us understand when the answer is “Yes”, and when it is “No”. It shows us how decentralisation can be designed to drive development forward, and focuses attention on how institutional incentives can be created for governments to improve public sector performance and strengthen economies in ways that enhance citizen well-being. It also draws attention to the political motives behind decentralisation reforms and how these shape the institutions that result. The book's purpose is to marry policy makers’ detailed knowledge and insights about real reform processes with academics’ conceptual clarity and analytical rigor. This synthesis naturally shifts the analysis towards deeper questions of decentralization, stability and the strength of the State. The book explores these in Part 1, with deep studies of the effects of reform on state capacity, political and fiscal stability, and democratic inclusiveness in Bolivia, Pakistan, India, and Latin America more broadly. These complex questions—crucially important to policy makers but difficult to address with statistics—yield before a multipronged attack of quantitative and qualitative evidence combined with deep practitioner insight. How should reformers design decentralisation? Part 2 examines these issues with evidence from four decades of reform in developing and developed countries. What happens after reform is implemented? Decentralization and Local Service Provision turns to decentralization’s effects on health and education services, anti-poverty programs, etc. with original evidence from twelve countries across Africa, Asia, and Latin America.Less
This book offers insights and lessons that help us understand when the answer is “Yes”, and when it is “No”. It shows us how decentralisation can be designed to drive development forward, and focuses attention on how institutional incentives can be created for governments to improve public sector performance and strengthen economies in ways that enhance citizen well-being. It also draws attention to the political motives behind decentralisation reforms and how these shape the institutions that result. The book's purpose is to marry policy makers’ detailed knowledge and insights about real reform processes with academics’ conceptual clarity and analytical rigor. This synthesis naturally shifts the analysis towards deeper questions of decentralization, stability and the strength of the State. The book explores these in Part 1, with deep studies of the effects of reform on state capacity, political and fiscal stability, and democratic inclusiveness in Bolivia, Pakistan, India, and Latin America more broadly. These complex questions—crucially important to policy makers but difficult to address with statistics—yield before a multipronged attack of quantitative and qualitative evidence combined with deep practitioner insight. How should reformers design decentralisation? Part 2 examines these issues with evidence from four decades of reform in developing and developed countries. What happens after reform is implemented? Decentralization and Local Service Provision turns to decentralization’s effects on health and education services, anti-poverty programs, etc. with original evidence from twelve countries across Africa, Asia, and Latin America.
Gordon Betcherman and Martin Rama (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- November 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198754848
- eISBN:
- 9780191816321
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198754848.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental, Public and Welfare
This book is a sequel to the World Bank’s World Development Report 2013, Jobs. The central message of that report was that job creation is at the heart of development. Jobs raise living standards and ...
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This book is a sequel to the World Bank’s World Development Report 2013, Jobs. The central message of that report was that job creation is at the heart of development. Jobs raise living standards and lift people out of poverty, they contribute to gains in aggregate productivity, and they may even foster social cohesion. In doing so, jobs may have spillovers beyond the private returns they offer to those who hold them. Poverty reduction is arguably a public good, making everybody better off; higher productivity spreads across co-workers, clusters, and cities; and social cohesion improves the outcomes of collective decision-making. But which jobs make the greatest contribution to development and what policies can facilitate the creation of more of these jobs? There is no universal answer—it depends on the country’s level of development, demography, natural endowments, and institutions. This volume explores the diversity of jobs challenges and solutions through case studies of seven developing countries. These countries, drawn from four continents, represent seven different contexts—a small-island nation (St Lucia), a resource-rich country (Papua New Guinea), agrarian (Mozambique), urbanizing (Bangladesh), and formalizing (Mexico) economies, as well as young (Tunisia) and aging (Ukraine) populations. Using methods drawn from several branches of economics and the social sciences more broadly and analyzing a wide range of data, the authors show the different ways in which jobs have contributed to social and economic development in the countries they have studied and how they can contribute in the future. The policy priorities vary accordingly. They often extend well beyond traditional labor market instruments to include policy areas not typically considered in national growth strategies.Less
This book is a sequel to the World Bank’s World Development Report 2013, Jobs. The central message of that report was that job creation is at the heart of development. Jobs raise living standards and lift people out of poverty, they contribute to gains in aggregate productivity, and they may even foster social cohesion. In doing so, jobs may have spillovers beyond the private returns they offer to those who hold them. Poverty reduction is arguably a public good, making everybody better off; higher productivity spreads across co-workers, clusters, and cities; and social cohesion improves the outcomes of collective decision-making. But which jobs make the greatest contribution to development and what policies can facilitate the creation of more of these jobs? There is no universal answer—it depends on the country’s level of development, demography, natural endowments, and institutions. This volume explores the diversity of jobs challenges and solutions through case studies of seven developing countries. These countries, drawn from four continents, represent seven different contexts—a small-island nation (St Lucia), a resource-rich country (Papua New Guinea), agrarian (Mozambique), urbanizing (Bangladesh), and formalizing (Mexico) economies, as well as young (Tunisia) and aging (Ukraine) populations. Using methods drawn from several branches of economics and the social sciences more broadly and analyzing a wide range of data, the authors show the different ways in which jobs have contributed to social and economic development in the countries they have studied and how they can contribute in the future. The policy priorities vary accordingly. They often extend well beyond traditional labor market instruments to include policy areas not typically considered in national growth strategies.
Accounting for Oneself
Adjusting to a World in Motion
Advancing the Human Right to Health
Aid and Development
The AIDS Generation
Aliens and Strangers?
The Alternatives to War
Altruism in Humans
American Arcadia
